Analisis Peranan Ulil Amri Dan Pihak Berkuasa Agama Dalam Menentukan Polisi Umum Berkaitan Hukum-Hakam Di Malaysia: Kajian Terhadap Isu-Isu Semasa Pandemik COVID-19

Analysis on the Role of Ulil Amri and Religious Authorities in Determining Public Policies Related to the Syariah Rulings in Malaysia: A Study on Current Issues of the COVID-19 Pandemics

Abstract

Obeying Ulil Amri is one of the things demanded by the Islamic law as long as the injunction is in order to protect the maslahat and prevent mafsadah from happening to the people. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia, several public policies have been developed by Ulil Amri covering various aspects including social, economic, and Islamic religious affairs in Malaysia. Each policy formed is the result of discussion after discussion with authoritative bodies as well as experts in various fields. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying Ulil Amri who is responsible for handling and managing COVID-19 pandemic issues. In addition, this study was also conducted to identify the role and job scope of each Ulil Amri involved in formulating the public policies related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This qualitative study has collected relevant data through primary and secondary documents and further analysed them using the content analysis method. The results of this study found that several ministries involved in the construction of public policies related to Syariah rulings in Malaysia include the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the National Security Council, the Ministry of Health Malaysia, the Minister in the Prime Minister’s Department, and the State Council of Islamic Religion. They are the Ulil Amri who is responsible for handling and managing COVID-19 pandemic issues related to Islamic religious affairs in Malaysia. Each Ulil Amri involved has his own role and jurisdiction. They will work together in formulating any public policy related to Islamic religious affairs. This shows that every public policy produced involves various parties from various fields who work together to safeguard the maslahat and prevent mafsadah from happening to the people.

Mentaati Ulil Amri merupakan salah satu perkara yang dituntut oleh syarak selama mana suruhan tersebut demi menjaga maslahah serta menghalang mafsadah kepada rakyat. Semenjak bermulanya pandemik COVID-19 melanda Malaysia, beberapa polisi umum telah dibentuk oleh Ulil Amri merangkumi pelbagai aspek termasuklah sosial, ekonomi, dan urusan hal ehwal agama Islam di Malaysia. Setiap polisi yang dibentuk adalah hasil daripada perbincangan demi perbincangan dengan badan-badan berautoriti serta pakar-pakar dalam pelbagai bidang. Kajian ini dijalankan dengan tujuan untuk mengenal pasti Ulil Amri yang bertanggungjawab dalam mengendalikan dan menguruskan isu-isu pandemik COVID-19. Selain itu, kajian ini juga dilaksanakan bagi mengenal pasti peranan dan skop tugas setiap Ulil Amri yang terlibat dalam membina polisi-polisi umum berkaitan dengan pandemik COVID-19. Kajian kualitatif ini telah mengumpulkan data yang relevan melalui dokumen primer dan sekunder dan seterusnya menganalisanya menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan. Hasil kajian ini mendapati beberapa kementerian yang terlibat sama dalam pembinaan polisi-polisi umum berkaitan hukum-hakam di Malaysia antaranya ialah Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Majlis Keselamatan Negara, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia, Menteri di Jabatan Perdana Menteri, dan Majlis Agama Islam Negeri. Mereka adalah Ulil Amri yang bertanggungjawab dalam mengendalikan dan menguruskan isu-isu pandemik COVID-19 berkaitan hal ehwal agama Islam di Malaysia. Setiap Ulil Amri yang terlibat mempunyai peranan dan bidangkuasanya tersendiri. Mereka akan saling bekerjasama dalam membentuk sebuah polisi umum berkaitan hal ehwal agama Islam. Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa setiap polisi umum yang dihasilkan adalah melibatkan pelbagai pihak dari pelbagai bidang yang bekerjasama demi menjaga maslahat serta menghalang mafsadah berlaku kepada rakyat.